Shingle forming machine



March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Sept. 14, 1959 mwmr D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE March 21,1961 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 14, 1959 3 K I m m March 21, 1961 D.M. RlPPE 2,975,818

SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE Filed Sept. 14, 1959 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 9 7? 71 765 7/ 53 I \l LI 57 FIG.6. Y haw March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE 2,975,818

SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE Filed Sept. 14, 1959 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIGQ. 6Q

March 21, 1961 Filed Sept. 14, 1959 FIG. I I.

D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 March 21, 1961 D.M. RIPPE 2,975,818

SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE Filed Sept. 14, 1959 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG. l3.H6148, f

March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 7Filed Sept. 14, 1959 FIG. l7.

FIG. I6.

March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 8Filed Sept. 14, 1959 M a v E: w W /%H l 5; fi W lam, 1 2 a w W M WWWW w/l: m M 5: w H 2 I 2 M w 2 B F w March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE 2,975,818

SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE a W, q 9 m a i W B \W W M m I W SI-HYGLE FORMINGMACHINE Dondeviile' M. Rippe, Webster Groves, Mo assignor to DondevilleProducts (30., Inc, Webster Groves, Mo, a corporation of Missouri FiledSept. 14, 1959, Ser. No. 339,915

11 Claims. (Cl. 153-2) This invention relates to shingles, moreparticularly sheet metal shingles (either roofing or siding shingles),and a machine for making such shingles.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending applicationSerial No. 670,969, filed July 10, 1957, entitled Manufacture ofShingles.

In my said copending application Serial No. 670,969 there is disclosed amachine for making sheet metal shingles of the type shown in my UnitedStates Patent 2,830,546, issued April 18, 1958. This shingle (usuallymade of sheet aluminum) is generally of rectangular shape, formed with afirst integral hook member on the outside along its top, a secondintegral hook member on the inside along its bottom, a third integralhook memher on the outside along one end (its right end as shown in thepatent), and a fourth integral hook member on the inside along its other(left) end. The first hook member (the top hook member) comprises anintegral generally flat lip of the shingle extending at an acute angleto the body of the shingle and having a series of bosses formed thereonprojecting inward toward the outside of the body of the shingle. Thesecond hook memher (the bottom hook member) comprises a base portionwhich forms the butt (bottom edge) of the shingle generally at rightangles to the body of the shingle and an upstanding fiat lipsubstantially parallel to the body of the shingle. The shingle also hasa nailing tab portion projecting endwise from its body portion at anupper corner of the shingle (at the right end of the shingle as shown insaid patent).

The machine shown in my said copending application Serial No. 670,969comprises means for intermittently feeding forward a continuous sheetmetal strip a distance corresponding to the height of a shingle plus thewidth of the top and bottom hooks, means operative during the dwell ofthe strip between feeding intervals for forming the end hooks, meansforward of the end hook forming means operable during the dwell of thestrip'for cutting the strip on a transverse line and bending therearward margin of the cut-on portion of the strip to form the bottomhook, and means forward of this cutting means also operable during thedwell of the strip for bending the forward margin of the strip to formthe top hook. Each completed shingle is pushed endwise into the nip of apair of feed rolls which function to feed it laterally out of themachine.

I have found that if the top and bottom hooks are made flat, i.e. ofuniform height, throughout their lengths, when the shingles are appliedto a roof they tend to lie in planes at angles to the plane of the roof,rather than parallel to the plane of the roof, which detracts from theappearance of the roof.

Accordingly, among the several objects of this inveni atent O tion maybe noted the provision of an improved construction for shingles of thetype shown in my United States Patent 2,830,546 which enables theshingles readily to be applied to a roof in such manner that theshingles will lie in planes substantially parallel to the plane of theroof,

ice

rather than in planes at angles to the plane of the roof. Essentially,the improved construction involves the provision of outwardly offset endportions on the top and bottom hook, more particularly an outwardlyoffset portion at the left end of the bottom hook and on outwardlyoffset portion at the right end of the top hook.

A further object of the invention is the provision in my prior machineof means for forming the shingles with the stated offset end portions onthe top and bottom books, which does not interfere with the lateraldischarge of the shingles from the machine.

I have also found that the bending over of the rear ward and forwardmargins of the cut-off portions of the strip to form the bottom and tophooks sets up stresses in the sheet metal which tends to cause thesehooks to spring open as a shingle is discharged from the machine. Toovercome this, so as to hold the hooks within dimensional tolerances, Iprovided steel feed roll sections engageable with the bottom and tophooks of each shingle as it is discharged from the machine to relievethe stresses and avoid springing open of the hooks. However, I foundthat the use of the steel roll section to prevent the stated springingof the bottom hook tended to result in the mashing down of the left endportion of the bottom hook, which is the leading end of this hook as theshingle is discharged laterally from the machine, which necessitatedmanual opening up of the mashed-downend of the bottom hook before theshingles could be readily applied.

Accordingly, a further object of this invention is the provision in themachine of means for discharging each shingle from the machine in suchmanner as to eliminate mashed-down ends on the bottom hooks.

Other objects and features will be in part apparent and in part pointedout hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the constructions hereinafterdescribed, the scope of the invention being indicated in the followingclaims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which one of various possibleembodiments of the invention is illustrated,

Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of the right side of a machine of thisinvention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a sheet metal strip illustrating the operationsperformed thereon by the machine;

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are cross sections taken on lines 3-3, 44 and 5'5,respectively, of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section taken on line 66 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken on line 77 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a view in cross section on line 9-9 of Fig. 6 and illustratesa moved position of parts in relation to Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 1010 of Fig. 8,with parts broken away;

Fig.ll is an enlarged vertical transverse section taken on line 11-11 ofFig. 1;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged vertical transverse section taken on line 12-12of Fig. 1;

Fig. 13 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 1313 of Fig.12;

Fig. 14 is a view corresponding to Fig. 13 showing a moved position ofparts;

Fig. 15 is a horizontal section taken on line 15-45 of Fig. 12; i

Fig. 16 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 16-16 of Fig.24;

Fig. 17 is a view corresponding to Fig. 16 showing 2. moved position ofparts;

Fig. 18 is a fragment of Fig.

17 showing a further moved position of parts;

-to right as viewed in Fig. l.

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary horizontal view taken on line 19-19 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 20 is an enlarged vertical transverse section taken .online '2020of Fig. l;

t Fig. 21 is a cross section of a "bending unit taken on -line 21-21 ofFig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a view similar to Fig. 21 showing a moved position of parts;

Fig. 23 is a view in elevation taken on line 23-23 :of Fig. 19;

Fig. 24 is a view similar to Fig. 19 with parts broken .away and shownin section;

Fig. 25 is a vertical transverse section taken on line 2525 of Fig. 16;

Fig. 26 is an enlarged section taken on'line 26-46 20f Fig. 24;

Fig. 27 is aplan viewof acompleted shingle; Fig. 28 is an enlarged edgeelevation of the shingle :as viewed from the bottom of Fig. 27, withparts broken away; and,

Fig. 29 is an enlarged section taken on line 29-29 of Fig. 27, withparts broken away.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding partsthroughout the several views of the draw- :ings.

Referring to the drawings, a machine of this invention is shown tocomprise vertical side platesl and? which 'extend parallel to oneanother and which are spaced apart a distance greater than the width ofsheet metal strip S which is to be converted into shingles. This strip Scomes from a roll of strip which is not shown 'in the drawings, butwhich would be off to the left of are spaced longitudinally of themachine at intervals corresponding to the total heightof one shingleblank, i.e.,

the height of a finished shingle plus the widths of the The strip Sextends forward through the machine all the way top and bottom hookmembers of the shingle.

to station 6. The width of the strip corresponds to the total length ofone shingle blank, i.e., the length of a finished shingle plus thewidths of the end hook members of the shingle.

At 5 in Fig. 1 is indicated a combination punch press and strip-feedingunit which is operative at station 1 I to punch a V-shaped notch '7 inthe left side margin of the strip S, to form a series of indentations 9extending transversely across the strip on 'a line which is locatedsomewhat rearward of a transverse line through the apex of the notch 7;to punch notches l1 and 13 in the right *side margin of the strip, thesenotches defining a tab 15; and to punch a hole 17 in the tab 15. Havingpen formed these punching operations at station 1, the unit.

5 moves forward to station 2 (see Fig. 9), carrying with it the strip Sand thereby feeding forward a length of strip S corresponding to oneshingle height. Then it releases its grip on the strip, and returns tostation 1 to repeat the punching operations.

From the above, it will be apparent that during the intervals betweenthe forward feeding operations of unit 5, there will be a portion of thestrip S extending from station 1 to station 6 having the notches 7, 11and 13, indentations 9 and tabs 15 with holes 17 therein at stationintervals (see Fig. 2). During each of these intervals the followingoperations are also takingplace: Between stations 3 and 4, a bendingunit 19 (see Figs. 1, 8 and 10) operates to bend down the portion zl of"the strip at the left side of the strip between the notches .7 atstations 3 and 4 and to bend up the portion 23 of the strip at the rightside of the strip between the notch 13 at station 3 and the notch 11 atstation 4 (see Figs. 2 and 3). .The tab 15 is not bent. Theportion ofthe strip between stations 4 and 5 will already have the bent-up portion21 and the bent-down portion 23 as a result of the previous cycle ofoperation of bending unit 19. Between stations 4 and 5, a bending unit25 (see Figs. 1, 10 and 11) operates to bend the portion 21 under thestrip and to bend the portion 23 over the strip (see Figs. 2 and 4-)whereby these portions become end hook members 21 and 23. At station 5,a cutting and bending unit 27 (see Figs. 1 and l3-15) operates to cutthe strip on a transverse line which passes through the apex of V-notch9 and to bend the rearward marginal portion of the cut-off blank downand around under the blank to form a bottom or butt hook member 29 withan outwardly offset portion 29a at one end thereof (its left end). Atstation 6 a bending unit 31 (see Figs. 1 and l92l) operates to bend theforward marginal end portion of the strip up and over the strip to formthe top hook member 33 which has the indentations 9 therein, which alsohas an outwardly offset portion 33a at its right end. The tab 15 is alsobent over and flattened down. This completes a shingle, and thecompleted shingle is automatically fed transversely out of the left sideof the machine as will be made clear later.

The punch press and strip-feeding unit 5 (see Figs. 1, 6, 7 and 9),which is reciprocable longitudinally of the machine between stations 1and 2, comprises a horizontal bed plate 45 supported on end blocks 47which are slidable on ways 49 attached on the upper edges of side plates1 and 3. The head of the press is constituted'by a horizontal plate 51.Guide pins 53 extend up from the bed plate 45 adjacent the ends thereofthrough guide bushings 57 carried by the head plate 51. Secured'to thebed plate 45 adjacent its ends are brackets 59. A horizontal shaft 61spans the machine having its ends journalled in these brackets 59. Twobell cranks, each generally designated 63, are fixed on shaft 61, oneadjacent each end of the shaft. Each bell crank has a rearwardlyextending arm 65 and a downwardly extending arm 67. The rearward ends ofrearwardly extending arms 65 of the bell cranks are connected to thehead plate 51 for raising and lowering it upon oscillation of the cranks'63. For making this connection the arm 65 of each crank carries at'itsrearward end a pair of rollers 69 and71. The head plate 5 1 has upwardlyextending forward and rearward flanges 73 and 75. Adjacent each end ofthe head plate 51 there is a cap 77 which spans flanges 73 and 75. Belowthis cap on head plate 51 is a block 79. The roller 69 adjacent each endof the plate 5 1 is received between the respective cap 77 and block 79,and the roller 71 adjacent each end of the head'plate 51 bears down onthe respective block '79.

The head plate 51 carries a series of roundhead bolts 81 for making theindentations. The bed plate 45 carries a platen 83 having a series ofholes 85 directly below the heads of bolts 8-1 and cooperable with thelatter for forming the indentations. The head plate 51 carries dies suchas indicated at 85 and 37 (see Fig. 6) cooperable with die formationssuch as indicated at 8% and 91 (see Fig. 7) on the bed plate 45 forcutting out the notches'7, '11 and 13.. The bed plate-45 has openings 93and 95 for disposal of the waste cut-out portions of the sheet material.

Oscillation of the cranks 63 is effected by mechanism comprising a maintransverse drive shaft 97 journalled in the side plates 1 and 3. Thisshaft is driven at relatively low speed as by an electric motor and aconventional speed-reducing drive (not shown). Spur gears 103 are fixedto shaft 97adjacent its ends on the inside ofthe side platesl and 3-(seeFig. 12). Each gear 103 meshes with an idler pinion 105 which in turnmeshes with a gear 107. Each gear 107 has a'crank pin 109 thereon.Connecting rods 111 connect crank pins 10? and the lowerends of bellcrank arms m. "The arrangementis such that upon each revolution of gears107, and each oscillation of the connecting rods, with the unit 5 atstation 1, the bell cranks 63 are rocked from the position designated Ain Fig. 1 to the position designated B in Figs. 1 and 9 to drive downthe head plate 51, then, with the latter down, the entire unit 5 ispulled forward to station 2 (see Fig. 9), then the bell cranks arereversely rocked from position B to position A to lift the head plate5-1, and then the unit 5 is pushed back to station 1.

The bending unit 19, which is illustrated in detail in Figs. 8 and 10,comprises a fixed lower crossbar 113 (shown as a channel section bar)extending transversely across the machine between stations 3 and 4 belowthe path of the strip, and a fixed upper crossbar 115 (also a channelsection bar) above the lower bar. The bending unit 25, which isillustrated in detail in Figs. and 11, comprises a fixed lower crossbar117 (shown as a channel section bar) extending transversely across themachine between stations 4 and 5 at the same level as crossbar 113, anda fixed upper crossbar 119 (also a channel section bar) above the lowerbar at the same level as crossbar 115. Extending longitudinally of themachine adjacent its left side from station 3 substantially to station 4is a fixed bar 121 which is secured on top of the lower crossbar 113. Inline with bar 121 on crossbar 117 is a bar 122. Extending longitudinallyof the machine adjacent its right side from station 3 to station 5 is afixed bar 123 which is secured to the bottom of the upper crossbar 115.In line with bar 123 on crossbar 117 is a bar 124-.

Bars 121 and 123 are of somewhat less height than bars 122 and 124. Ahorizontal bending blade 125 is fixed to the top of bar 121 and ahorizontal bending blade 127 is fixed to the bottom of bar 123. The topof bar 122 is at the same level as the top of blade 125, and the bottomof bar 124 is at the same level as the bottom of blade 127. Fixed to theupper crossbar 115 of bending unit 19 and extending upward therefromadjacent the left-hand side of the machine is a vertical air cylinder129. This cylinder has a piston rod 131 extending downward through ahole 133 in the bar 115 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder,the piston rod 131 having a movable bending blade 135 fixed to its lowerend. The blade 135 is cooperable with the blade 125 to bend downward theportion 21 of the strip S. A guide for the blade 135 is indicated at137. Fixed to the lower crossbar 113 and extending downward therefromadjacent the right side of the machine is a vertical air cylinder 139.This cylinder has a piston rod 141 extending upward through a hole 143in the bar 113 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder, thepiston rod 141 having a movable bending blade 145 like blade 135 fixedat its upper end. The blade 145 is cooperable with the blade 127 to bendupward the portion 23 of the strip S. A guide for the blade 145 isindicated at 147.

Directly at station 4 there is a fixed lower crossbar 14 9 extendingtransversely across the machine below the path of the strip, and a fixedupper crossbar 151 above the lover crossbar. Fixed to the upper crossbarand extending upward therefrom adjacent the left-hand side of themachine is a vertical air cylinder 153. This cylinder has a piston rod155 extending down through a hole 157 in the bar 151 from a piston (notillustrated) in the cylinder. The piston rod has a strip-clamping bar159 pivoted at its lower end, the strip-clamping bar extendinglongitudinally of the machine from station 3 to station 5 and beingengageable with the top of blade 125 from station 3 to station 4 (seeFig. 8) and the top of the longitudinal bar 122 from station 4 tostation 5 (see Fig. 11). Fixed to the lower crossbar 149 and extendingupward therefrom adjacent the right-hand side of the machine is avertical air cylinder 163. This cylinderhas a piston rod 165 extendingup through a hole 167 in the bar 149 from a piston (not illustrated) inthe cylinder. The piston rod 165 has a strip clamping bar 169 pivoted.at its upper end, this bar extending longitudinally of the machine fromstation 3 to station 5 and being engageable with the bottom of the blade127 from station 3 to Sta? tion 4 (see Fig. 8) and the bottom of thelongitudinal bar 124 from station 4 to station 5 (see Fig. 11).

Fixed on the left side plate 1 of the machine and ex tending laterallyoutward therefrom between stations 4 and 5 is a horizontal air cylinder171 (see Figs. 1 and 11). This cylinder has a piston rod 173 extendinghori-' zontally inward through a hole 175 in the plate 1 from a piston(not illustrated) in the cylinder, the piston rod 173 having ahorizontal bending blade 177 fixed on its inner end. This blade 177 ismovable inward under the. bottom of the bar 159 to bend over the portion21 of strip S.

Fixed on the right side plate 3 of the machine and extending laterallyoutward therefrom between stations 4 and 5 is a horizontal air cylinder181 (see Figs. 1 and 11). This cylinder has a piston rod 183 extendinghori zontally inward through a hole 185 in the plate 3 from a piston(not illustrated) in the cylinder, the piston rod 183 having ahorizontal bending blade 187 fixed on its inner end. This blade 187 ismovable inward over the top of the bar 169 to bend over the portion 23of strip S.

The cutting and bending unit 27 (Figs. 1 and 12-18) comprisesa pair ofvertical guides 189 mounted on the inside of the side plates 1 and 3 atstation 5 extending downward from the upper edges of the side plates.Verticaily slidable in each of these vertical guides is a slider 191.The sliders extend down below the guides and each has a cam followerroller 193 at its lower end which is received in a cam groove 195 on theoutside of the gear 193 on the respective side of the machine. Extendingtransversely across the machine between the two sliders 191 is a shearblade holding bar 196, the ends of which are welded to the sliders.Secured to this bar 196 is a cutting and bending blade 197. The blade197 has a bottom surface 199 which angles upward in forward direction asrelated to the travel of the strip. The rearward bottom edge of theblade constitutes a shearing edge 281; the forward bottom edgeconstitutes a bending edge 283. The shearing edge 281 is cooperativewith afixed shear blade 205 which extends transversely across themachine, being supported by a bar 207.

In accordance with this invention, bending edge 203 of bar 197 iscooperable with a relatively long fixed bending bar 299 (see Figs. 13,14, 24 and 25) and a relatively short bending bar or anvil 210 (seeFigs. 16-18, 24 and 25) which is movable between an operative positionaligned with bar 299 (see Figs. 16 and 17) and a re tracted positionforward of bar 299 (see Fig. 18). Bar 269 is fixed in position supportedon a bar 211. It is a relatively thin bar, of uniform depth throughoutits length, having horizontal top and bottom surfaces (see Figs. 13-, 14and 25 It extends from the right side of the machine nearly to the leftside of the machine, with a gap G between its left end and the left sideof the machine (see Figs. 24 and 25). Anvil 210, when in its operativeposition, occupies this gap and then constitutes a continuation of thebar 289. Anvil 218 has a horizontal top surface 21th which is flush withthe top surface of bar 209. The bottom surface 211th of the anvil,however, is inclined downward toward the left side of the machine sothat the anvil becomes progressively deeper or. thicker from its rightend toward its left end (see Fig. 25). The depth of the anvil 218 at itsright end (which meets the left end of bar 2119 when the anvil is inoperative position) corresponds tothe depth of the bar 289. The anvil210 is adapted to be moved between its rearward operative position andits forward retracted position by an air cylinder 210a, a rod 218rextending from piston 210p within the cylinder to a connection at 210awith the anvil. Y

Thefixed shear blade 205 and the bending, blade 209 and anvil218havetheir upper surfaces at the level of the path of the strip. Thedevelopment of the cam groove 7 195 is such that upon each revolution ofthe gears 103, the blade 197 is pulled down from the raised retractedposition above the blades in which it is shown in Figs. 13 and 16 to theloweredposition shown in Figs. 14 and 17 to shear the strip off againstthe forward edge of blade 2'05 and to bend down the rearward portion ofthe cutoff portion of the strip around the rearward upper edge of thebending blade 209 and anvil 210 (the anvil being in its rearwardoperative position).

Pivoted at 213 on the inside of the side plates 1' and 3 of' the machineat station 5 are rocker arms 215. EX- tending across the machine betweenthese rocker arms is a bending bar 217, the ends of which are welded tothe rocker arms. Each rocker arm carries a cam follower roller 219received in a cam groove 221 on the inside of the respective gear 103.The development of the cam groove 221 is such that upon each revolutionof the gears 103 the bending bar 217 is rocked forward from theretracted position in which it is illustrated in Figs. 13 and 16 to theforward position in which it is illustrated in Figs. 14 and 17 to bendthe portion of the strip previously bent down by blade 2197 forwardunder the blade 299 and anvil 210 (in its operative position) to makethe shingle butt hook 29. As a result of the wedge shape of the anvil210, this hook 29, instead of being of uniform depth throughout itslength, is of uniform depth throughout its length, is of uniform depthonly over part of its length (from its right end as formed in themachine to the left end of bar 299), and, at its left-end, has theoutwardly offset portion 29a which tapers outwardly in accordance withthe taper of the anvil. The upper surface of bending bar 217 is formedto the contour'of blade 209 and anvil 218. Following the bending'of thestrip under the blade 209 and anvil 210, cylinder 210a is actuated toretract the anvil (move it bodily forward away from alignment with bar209) from within the tapered end portion 29d of the butt book 29. Thisis to enable discharge of the shingle from the machine in the directiontoward the left of the machine, as will be made clear.

The shear blade holding bar 196 carries a springbacked hold-down bar 223which, upon downward movement of the blade holding bar 196, is adaptedto clamp the strip material S down upon the bending blade 209 and anvil210. The hold-down bar 223 has vertical slots 225 therein which'receivestuds 227 projecting forward from the bar. Springs such as indicated at229 reacting from a plate 231 on the bar 196 bias the hold-down bar 223downward. V The bending unit 31 at station 6 (Figs. 1 and 19-22)comprises a fixedlower crossbar 233 (shown as a channel section bar)which extends transversely across the machine at station 6 below thepath of the strip. Between stations 5 and 6 there is a horizontalstrip-supporting plate 235. Bearing blocks such as indicated at 237 aremounted on the inside of the side plates 1 and 3 of the machine atstation 6. Pivoted at 23? on the inside of these bearing blocks arerocker arms 241. These arms hang down from their pivots. Extendingbetween these rocker arms is a. bar 243. Secured to the bottom of thisbar is a bending blade 245. -This blade has a tapered forward edgeportion which has notches 247 at locations corresponding to thelocations of the indentations 9 made in the strip. It also has a boss247a at its right end for forming the outward ofiset at 3311 in the tophook men- -ber 33 of the shingle. Extending across the forward end .ofthe machine between the side plates 1 and 3 is a vertical forward endplate 249 (see Fig. 1). At 251 is indicatedabracket mounted on theoutsideof end plate 24%. 'Anvair cylinder 253 has its'outer endpivotally mounted in the bracket as indicated at 255 to be swingable ona horizontal axis, and extends rearward through a large opening 257 inthe end plate. A piston rod 259 extends rearward from a piston (notillustrated)- in cylinder 253 "to-a pivotal connection at 261 with thebar 243*. "The semiarrangement is such thatwhen the piston rod isextended rearward from the cylinder, rocker arms 241 and the blade 245occupy the raised retracted position illustrated in Fig. 21. When thepiston rod is drawn into the cylinder, the arms and blade swing down tothe operative position shown in Fig. 22.

Cooprable with the blade 245' is a bending bar 263. This bar 263 extendstransversely across the machine, having its ends secured to pivotmembers 265 which have pivot pins 267 offset from the bar journalled inthe bearing blocks 237'. Fixed on the right-hand pivot pin 267 is apinion 269. In mesh with this pinion is a rack 271 which is slidablelongitudinally of the machine in a channel-shaped guide 273 carried bythe bar 233. A hori* zontal air cylinder 275 has one end fixed to theend plate 249 and extends outward therefrom. This cylinder has a pistonrod 277 extending through an opening 279 in plate 249 from a piston (notillustrated) in the cylinder to a connection at 281 with the rack.

In the left side plate 1 of the machine extending from station 5 tostation 6 at the level of the strip S is a horizontal exit slot 283. Theleft-hand pivot member 265 has a slot 284 which registers with slot 283when members 265 and bending bar 263 are in the Fig. 21 position. When ashingle is completed, it is pushed laterally out of the machine throughthe slot 283 by pushing means such as indicated at 255. This pushingmeans comprises an air cylinder 287 mounted on the right side plate 3 ofthe machine and extending outward therefrom between stations 5 and 6.This cylinder has a piston rod 289 extending from a piston (notillustrated) in the cylinder through an opening 291 in the plate 3, thepiston rod having a pusher head 293 at its inner end engageable with theright end of a completed shingle. The piston rod 289 is normallyretracted in the cylinder 287, and-the head 2% is normally in theretracted position illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 19 in which it islocated to the right of the right edge of the strip material S. Uponcompletion of a shingle, the cylinder'287 is operated to extend thepiston rod 289, thereby to push the shingle to the left of the machineand through the slot 283. Mounted on the outside of the left side plate1 above and below the slot are upper and lower feed rolls 295 and 297which are continuously driven by any suitable means, such as an electricmotor (not shown) and a chain and sprocket drive 299 to feed shinglesout of the machine (see Figs. 19; 20, 23 and 24). The length I of theserolls is somewhat greater than the width of the shingles;

The air cylinders 129, 139, 171 and 181 are under the control of aconventional solenoid valve (not shown) operated by a switch 301'controlled by a cam 323 on the main shaft 97. The air cylinders 153and163 are under the control of a conventional solenoid valve (notshown) operated by a switch 395 controlled by a cam 3%7 on shaft 97. Theair cylinders 253, 275and 237 are under the control of conventionalsolenoid valves (not shown) operated by switches 309, 311 and 313controlled by cams 315, 317 and 319 on shaft 97. Air cylinder 210a isunder the control of -a conventional solenoid valve (not shown) operatedby a switch 321 controlled by a cam 323 on shaft 97.

The upper feed roll 295'is essentially a' soft rubber roll with a steelportion 325 at its left end adapted to bear down on the top hook 33 andprevent this hook from springing open under internal stresses. The steelroll portion 325 is of somewhat smaller diameter than the main softrubber portion of roll 295. The lower feed r'oll 297 is essentially asoft rubber roll with a steel portion 327 at its right end adapted toengage butt book 29 and prevent this hook from springing open underinternal stresses. The steel roll portion 327 is of somewhat smallerdiameter than the. main soft rubberportion of roll 297.: it tends tomash down the :end portion-29a of thebutt 1:001:29. of ashingle beingfed out of the '9 machine by the rolls. In accordance with thisinvention, means is provided for re-opening the end portion 29a of thebutt book 29. As shown in Figs. 19, 20, 23 and 24, this means comprisesan arm 329 mounted for swinging movement on a vertical axis with thefree end of the arm moving in the horizontal plane of the butt book 29immediately below the body portion of a shingle being fed out of themachine by the feed rolls 295 and 297. Arm 329 extends from the upperend of a vertical shaft 331 journalled in a bearing 333 carried by abracket 335 on the left side plate 1 of the machine, the axis of theshaft being located outward of the feed rolls 295' and 297, andgenerally midway between the ends of the feed rolls. Arm 329 is inclinedupward from the upper end of shaft 331 and has a curved free end portionor shoe 337. A spring 339 biases the arm to the rearwardly extendingretracted position in which it appears in Fig. 19. In this position ofthe arm, shoe 337 is adapted to enter between the body portion and thebutt hook portion 29a of a shingle being fed out of the machine by feedrolls 295 and 297 and spread portion 29a out to its original position.For this purpose, shoe 337 is wedgeshaped as appears in Fig. 26. Shaft331 has an arm 339 extending horizontally outward from its lower endcarrying a weight 341 to provide inertia tending to retard the rotationof the shaft and the swinging of arm 329. A brace 343 is providedextending between arms 329 and 339.

Figs. 27-29 illustrate the completed shingle comprising the rectangularbody portion B having hook mem ber 33 on the outside along its top, hookmember 29 on the inside along its bottom, hook member 23 on the outsideat its right end, and hook member 21 on the inside along its left end.The top hook member 33 is constituted by an integral generally flat lipof the shingle extending from the top edge of the body B of the shingleat an acute angle to the body. It has a series of integral individualbosses 9 formed thereon projecting inward toward the outside of the bodyB, these bosses being spaced along its length with the spacing betweenbosses relatively great in relation to the size of the bosses, and hasoutwardly offset portion 33a at its right end. The bottom hook member 29comprises a base portion 2% which forms the butt of the shingleextending generally at right angles to the body B and the upstanding lip290 which, except for offset portion 29a at the left end of the shingle,is substantially parallel to body B.

Operation is as follows:

The shaft 97 is continuously driven to effect reciprocation of the punchpress and strip-feeding unit 5 between stations 1 and 2, with downwardmovement of the head plate 51 during a dwell interval at station 1, andupward movement of the head plate 51 during a dwell interval at station2. Starting at station .1 with the head plate 51 of the unit 5 raised, acycle of the machine involves first the downward movement of the headplate 51 (during the dwell at station 1) to punch out the notches 7, 11and 13 in the strip S, to form the indentations 9, and to punch theholes 17 in the tab 15 defined by the notches 11 and 13. Then, with thehead plate 51 down and clamping the strip against the platen 83, theunit 5 moves bodily forward to station 2, thereby feeding forward thatlength of the strip S required to produce one shingle. Then unit 5dwells momentarily at station 2, the head plate 51 is raised, and thenthe unit 5 is returned rearward to station 1 with head plate 51 raisedabove the strip S so that the strip is released.

When unit 5 reaches station 2 and completes the forward feed of thestrip, cylinders 153 and 163 areoperated to move the strip-clamping bar159 down and stripclamping bar 169 up into engagement with the strip,

.thereby to prevent the strip from being movedrearward by the unit 5when it returns from station 2 to station 1. Cam 307, which controlsswitch 305 for operating the solenoid valve for cylinders 153 and 163,is developed andphased so that the cylinders 153 and 163 are operated toadvance the bars 159 and 169 when unit 5 completes a forward stroke andto retract the bars 159 and 169 when unit 5 completes a return stroke.During the return stroke of unit 5, the vertical cylinders 129 and 139are operated to move bending blade down and bending blade up to benddown the end portion 21 and to bend up the end portion 23 of the part ofthe strip which lies between stations 3 and 4 (see Fig. 8). At the sametime, the cylinders 171 and 181 are operated to move bending blades 177and 187 inward to complete the bending of the portions 21 and 23 of thepart of the strip between stations 4 and 5 (see Fig. 11). Cam 303, whichcontrols switch 301 for operating the solenoid valve for cylinders 129,139, 171 and 181, is developed and phased so that these cylinders areoperated to advance and then retract the bending blades 135, 145, 177and 187 after the strip-clamping bars 159 and 169 have been operated andbefore unit 5 completes a return stroke. Also during the return of unit5 (while the strip is clamped by bars 159 and 169), the cutting andbending blade 197 of the unit 27 is driven downward to shear the stripoff at station 5 against the forward edge of the blade 205 and to benddown the rear margin of the cutoff portion of the strip around the blade209 and anvil 210 (which is in its rearward operative position), andthen the bending blade 217 swings forward to make the shingle butt hook29 with outwardly offset tapered portion 29a (see Figs. 13, 14, 16 and17). The cam grooves and 221 are developed and phased so that theoperation of blades 197 and 217 and their return to retracted positionoccur during the return of unit 5 and so that blade 197 is down whenblade 217 swings forward. Following the retraction of blades 197 and217, cylinder 210:: is operated to retract the anvil 210, i.e., pull itforward from its rearward operative position to its forward retractedposition out of tapered portion 29a of butt hook 29.

Also during the return of unit 5, the cylinder 253 is operated toretract piston rod 259 and swing the blade 245 from its retractedposition shown in Fig. 21 to its operative position shown in Fig. 22.Following this, the cylinder 275 is operated to drive the rack 2711forward and rotate the bar 263 around from its retracted Fig. 21position to its Fig. 22 position thereby to bend the forward end portionof the strip material around the blade 245 to form the top hook member33 (having the indentations 9 therein and offset 33a at its right end)and to bend over and flatten down the tab 15. Then the cylinder 253operates to advance piston rod 259 and to push the blade 245 back to theFig. 21 position, cylinder 275 is operated to retract the rack 271 androtate bar 263 back to the 'Fig. 21 position. Then cylinder 287 isoperated to push the finished shingle into the nip of feed rolls 295 and207, which act to feed the shingle outto the. left of the machine.

As the leading end of the shingle enters the feed rolls, there isatendency'for the end of outwardly offset portion 29a of butt hook 29 tobe mashed toward the body portion of the shingle by the steel portion327 of feed roll 297. However, as the leading end of the shingle emergesfrom between the feed rolls, the left margin of the body portion of theshingle passes over the shoe 337,

and the mashed end of portion 29a of the butt hook 29 passes under theshoe, and the shoe functions to spread open. the end of-portion 29a torestore it to its original condition. The inertia provided by weight 341holds the arm 329 from swinging outward momentarily until the spreadingopen of portion 29a has been accomplished, and then the inertia isovercome and the arm swings clockwise as vviewed in Fig. 19 away fromits retracted position tojthe position illustrated in dot-dash lines inFig. 24 clear of butt hook 29 so that only portion 29a of this hook isspread open. After the shingle has been completely ejected, spring 339returns the arm 329 to retracted position in readiness for spreadingopen porti n??? 9 he n x h n le.- The me a ti n t t e agar-stats feedrolls is significantly less on the trailing end of' the shingle than onthe leading end, and while offset 33a at the trailing end of top hook 33may be mashed down to some extent, it is not mashed enough to requirereopening, and the shingle emerges with oifset 33a substantially intact.

Cams 315, 317, 319 and 323 which control switches 309, 311, 313 and 321for operating the solenoid valves for cylinders 253, 275, 287 and 210aare developed and phased for carrying out these operations in the statedsequence and during the return stroke of unit 5.

, A completed shingle, as shownin Figs. 27-29, is of generallyrectangular shape, having the integral hook member 29 on the insidealong its bottom, the integral hook member 33 on the outside along itstop, and the integral hook members 21 and 23 at its ends. The bottomhook member 29 has the outwardly olfset end portion 29a at one end ofthe shingle. Thettop hook member 33 comprises an integral generally fiatportion extending from the top edge of the body B of the shingle at anacute angle to the body of the shingle, with the outwardly offset endportion 33a at the other end of the shingle. This fiat portion has thebosses 9 formed thereon. The angle of top hook member 33 is preferablysuch that the noses of the bosses are spaced from the outside of thebody of the shingle a distance less than the thickness of the sheetmetal of the shingle. The bottom hook member 29 of one shingle isadapted to be hooked in under the top hook member 33 of another shingleand is springingly engageable by the bosses of the latter shingle. Anycondensate dropletsformed on the undersurface of the one shingle willflow past the top edge of the other.

The bottom hook member 29 essentially comprises the base portion 2%which forms the butt of the shingle generally at right angles to thebody B of the shingle and the upstanding portion 290 which isessentially flat and substantially parallel to the body of the shingleand spaced from the body of the shingle a distance slightly greater thanthe spacing from the body of the shingle of the lower edge of the tophook member 33 except toward the left end of the shingle where it flaresaway from the body of the shingle to form the outwardly offset endportion 29a. The upstanding portion 290 of the bottom hook member 29 ofone shingle is adapted to be hooked in under the angled top hook member33 of another (being engagcable by the bosses 9 of the latter), and thetop edge of the latter shingle is then spaced from the body of the oneshingle a distance substantially corresponding to the height of theright-angled butt portion 29b of the one shingle.

The completed shingle also has the nailing tab portion 15 projectingendwise from its body portion B at the upper corner of the shingle atits right end. Thereis a slit 345 in the top hook member 33 dividing thetop hook member alongside the outwardly offset end portion 33a thereofto form a portion 347 overlyingiportion 15'and adapted to be flatteneddown. thereon.

In View of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of theinvention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.

As various changes could be made in the above constructions withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention, it is intended that allmatter contained in the above '12 for cutting off a forward portion ofthe strip and for bending the rearward margin'of the cut-off portion ofthe strip to form the hook for a' third edge of a shingle, means forwardof said Jcutting means and spaced therefrom a distance corresponding tosaid predetermined amount of strip feed, operable while the strip is attest between feeding intervals for bending the forward end margin of thestrip to form the hook for the fourth edge of a shingle, and meansforfeeding completed shingles laterally outward toward one side of themachine, said means for bending the rearward margin of said cut-offportion of the description or shown in the accompanying drawings shallbe interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense I. claim: I

l. in a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a typehaving integral hooks along allfour strip to form the third hookcomprising a fixed member and a movable member around which saidrearward margin is bent, said movable member being formed and located toprovide an outwardly offset portion on said third hook at the endthereof toward said one side of the machine and means for moving saidmovable member out of said ofiset end portion following the formation ofsaidthird hook to allow the shingle to be fed laterally out of themachine.

2'. In a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a typehaving integral hooks along all four edges from a continuous strip ofsheet metal including means for intermittently feeding the strip forwarda pre determined amount, means operable while the strip is at restbetween feeding intervals forbending over side portions of the strip toform the hooks for two opposite edges of a shingle, means forward or"said bending means operable whilethe strip is at rest between feedingintervals for cutting oil a forward portion of the strip and for bendingthe rearward margin of the cut-off portion of the, strip to form thehook for third edge of a shingle, means forward of said cutting meansand spaced there from a distance corresponding to said predeterminedamount of strip feed operable while the strip is at rest between feedingintervals for bendingthe forward end margin of the strip to form thehook for the fourth edge of; a shingle, and means for feeding completedshingles laterally outward toward one side of the machine, said meansfor bending the rearward margin of said cut-ofi portion of the strip toform the third hook comprising a fixed bending blade extending acrossthe machine and terminating short of said one side of the machine, ananvil formed to provide an outwardlyoffset portion on said third book atthe end thereof toward said one side of the machine, said anvil beingmovable from an operative position aligned with said fixed bending bladeat the end thereof toward said one side of the machine and a retractedposition forward of its operative position, and :means for moving theanvil forward to retracted position out o-fsaid offset end portionfollowing the formation of the third hook to allow the shingle to be fedlaterally out of, themachine.

3. In a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a typehaving integral hooks along all four edges from a continuous strip ofsheet" metal including means for intermittently feeding the stripforward a predetermined amount, means operable while the strip is atrest betweenfeeding intervals for bending over side portions of thestrip toform the hooks for twoopposite edges of a shingle, means'forwardof said bending means operable while the'strip is at rest betweenfeeding intervals for cutting off a forward portion of the strip and forbending the-rearward margin of the cut-ofi portion of the strip to form;the hook for a third edge of a shingle, means forward of said cuttingmeans and spaced therefrom a distance corresponding to saidpredetermined amount of strip feed operable :while the strip is at restbetween feeding intervals for bending the forward end margin of thestrip to form the hook for the fourth edge of a shingle, and means ifor. feeding completed shingles laterally outward toward one side of themachine, saidmeans for cutting the strip and. bending the" rearwardmargin of said cut-off portion of the "strip to forrfnthe thirdhook'comprising a fixed "shear blade extending across the machine, afixed bending blade forward of the shear blade extending across themachine and tenninating short of said one side of the machine, an anvilformed tr:- provide an outwardly offset portion on said third book atthe end thereof toward said one side of the machine, said anvil beingmovable from an operative position aligned with said fixed bending bladeat the end thereof toward said one side of the machine and a retractedposition forward of its operative position, a shear blade movabledownward between said fixed shear blade and said bending blade and anvilto shear the strip against the fixed shear blade and to bend down therearward margin of the cut-off portion of the strip around the rear edgeof the bending blade and anvil, a bending bar movable under the bendingblade and anvil to bend forward the bent-down rearward margin of thecut-off portion of the strip, to complete the formation of the thirdhook, and means for moving the anvil forward to retracted position outof said offset end portion following the formation of the third hook toallow the shingle to be fed laterally out of the machine.

4. In a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a typehaving integral hooks along all four edges from a continuous strip ofsheet metal including means for intermittently feeding the strip forwarda predetermined amount, means operable while the strip is at restbetween feeding intervals for bending over side portions of the strip toform the hooks for two opposite edges of a shingle, means forward ofsaid bending means operable while the strip is at rest between feedingintervals for cutting off a forward portion of the strip and for bendingthe rearward margin of the cut-off portion of the strip to form the hookfor a third edge of a shingle, means forward of said cutting means andspaced therefrom a distance corresponding to said predetermined amountof strip feed operable while the strip is at rest between feedingintervals for bending the forward end margin of the strip to form thehook for the fourth edge of a shingle, and means for feeding completedshingles laterally outward toward one side of the machine, said feedingmeans including a pair of feed rolls at said one side of the machine,and means for pushing a completed shingle into the nip of said feedrolls, said rolls having a tendency to mash down that end of the thirdhook toward said one side of the machine, and means located outward ofsaid feed rolls adapted to spread open any mashed-down third hook endsas the shingles emerge from the feed rolls.

5. In a machine as set forth in claim 4, said spreading means comprisinga spreading member mounted for movement between an operative positionfor spreading open a mashed-down third hook end and a retracted positionclear of the third hook and biased toward its operative position.

6. In a machine as set forth in claim 5, said spreading member havingsuch inertia as to hold it in operative position until the spreading ofa mashed-down third hook end is accomplished, said spreading member thenbeing moved from operative to retracted position against said bias bythe force exerted thereon by the shingle being fed out by the feedrolls.

7. In a machine as set forth in claim 6, said spreading membercomprising a pivoted arm having a wedge-shaped end portion adapted tospread a mashed-down third hook end, and having a weight associatedtherewith for providing inertia.

8. In a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a typehaving integral hooks along all four edges from a continuous strip ofsheet metal including means for intermittently feeding the strip forwarda predetermined amount, means operable while the strip is at restbetween feeding intervals for bending over side portions of the strip toform the hooks for two opposite edges of a shingle, means forward ofsaid bending means operable while the strip is at rest between feedingintervals for cutting off a forward portion of the strip and for bendingthe rearward margin of the cut-off portion of the strip to form the hookfor a third edge of a shingle, means forward of said cutting means andspaced therefrom a distance corresponding to said predetermined amountof strip feed operable While the strip is at rest between feedingintervals for bending the forward end margin of the strip to form thehook for the fourth edge of a shingle, and means for feeding completedshingles laterally outward toward one side of the machine, said meansfor bending the rearward margin of said cut-01f portion of the strip toform the third hook comprising a fixed memher and a movable memberaround which said rearward margin is bent, said movable member beingformed and located to provide an outwardly offset portion on said thirdhook at the end thereof toward said one side of the machine, means formoving said movable member out of said offset end portion following theformation of said third book to allow the shingle to be fed later-allyout of the machine, said feeding means including a pair of feed rolls atsaid one side of the machine, and means for pushing a completed shingleinto the nip of said feed rolls, said rolls having a tendency to mashdown said outwardly offset end portion of the third hook, and meanslocated outward of said feed rolls adapted to spread open anymashed-down third hook ends as the shingles emerge from the feed rolls.

9. In a machine as set forth in claim 8, said spreading means comprisinga spreading member mounted for movement between an operative positionfor spreading open a mashed-down third book end and a retracted positionclear of the third hook and biased toward its operative position.

10. In a machine as set forth in claim 9, said spreading member havingsuch inertia as to hold it in operative position until the spreading ofa mashed-down third book end is accomplished, said spreading member thenbeing moved from operative to retracted position against said bias bythe force exerted thereon by the shingle being fed out by the feedrolls.

11. In a machine as set forth in claim 10, said spreading membercomprising a pivoted arm having a wedge-shaped end portion adapted tospread a mashed-down third hook end, and having a weight associatedtherewith for providing inertia.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,258,247 Hull Oct. 7, 1941 2,362,006 Herzog Nov. 7, 1944 2,427,762 CarrSept. 23, 1947 2,444,757 Stastny July 8, 1948

